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R
Treatment using radium or other radioactive matter.
randomisation
The process of selecting by chance the treatment that a clinical trial participant will receive.
recombinant
(ree-kom-bin-nant)
Genetically reconstructed.
rectum
(rek-tum)
The last part of the large intestine just above the anus.
regimen
A drug or treatment combination and the way it is taken.
regression
Improvement in a tumour.
remission
(ree-mish-un)
Partial recovery from an illness, an alternative word for regression.
renal
(ree-null)
Relating to the kidneys.
replication
(re-pli-kay-shun)
The process of viral reproduction.
resistance
A drug-resistant HIV strain is one which is less susceptible to the effects of one or more anti-HIV drugs because of its genotype.
retinitis
(ret-tin-eye-tuss)
Damage to the retina, the light-sensitive surface at the back of the eye.
retrovirus
(ret-tro-vy-russ)
Family of viruses to which HIV belongs, that are distinguished by their use of RNA.
reverse transcriptase
A retroviral enzyme which converts genetic material from RNA into DNA, an essential step in the lifecycle of HIV.
RNA
Ribonucleic acid, the form in which HIV stores its genetic material.