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Thailand
Thailand now has considerable expertise in vaccine trials. A Phase III trial of an HIV vaccine candidate has been undertaken in Bangkok, sponsored by VaxGen as described below.
The strong Thai-US collaborative programme was based originally on a partnership with the Walter Reed Army Research Institute (Nitayaphan, 2000). A series of phase II trials of canarypox vaccines boosted by different gp120 and gp160 products (Nitayaphan 2002, Suriyanon, Thongcharoen) culminated in proposals for a Phase III trial of a prime-boost vaccine combination of a recombinant canarypox followed by the same VaxGen product used earlier.
Other Thai collaborations have been established with US biotechnology companies, with Aventis Pasteur, and with Japan's National Institute of Infectious Diseases. An Australian vaccine candidate funded by the US NIH is being developed for testing in Thailand.