46th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC), San Francisco, Sept 27-30 2006

• Lab markers can predict advanced liver fibrosis in more than 90% of cases in HIV/HCV coinfected
• Two-drug maintenance with tenofovir-efavirenz less effective than triple therapy
• Hepatitis C infection limits cholesterol increases caused by antiretrovirals
• Darunavir response did not differ by prior PI in POWER studies
• Reduced dose of <i>Kaletra</i> soft-gel capsule effective in small study (corrected)
• Needle-free administration of enfuvirtide reduces injection site reactions
• Immunologically discordant response to HIV therapy associated with increased risk of disease progression
• Community-acquired MRSA soars among people with HIV in San Francisco
• <i>Kaletra</i>, saquinavir have anti-malarial effects in test tube
• Anti-HIV therapy suppresses viral load well in older patients, but CD4 cell recovery may be impaired
• Higher baseline HCV viral load and CD4 percentage predict response to hepatitis C treatment in HIV/HCV co-infected patients
• CXCR4, dual or mixed tropic HIV does not reduce response to HAART
• Atazanavir/efavirenz NRTI-sparing regimen effective, but raises lipid levels
• MK-0518: three-quarters of highly treated patients have undetectable viral load at 24 weeks
• Boosted fosamprenavir and atazanavir show comparable potency, tolerability in treatment-naive
• Novel NRTI elvucitabine active against HIV in a 7-day monotherapy study
• Antibody to CCR5 receptor safe, effective, suitable for weekly dosing, preliminary study shows
• <i>Trizivir</i> non-inferior to unboosted atazanavir in treatment-naive
• Treatment of acute hepatitis C produces good response rates in HIV-positive patients
• HIV/HCV co-infected patients respond to re-treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin
• Suspected abacavir hypersensitivity less likely to be diagnosed in people of African ethnicity
• 16% of drug-naive entering GSK US studies already have resistance
• Nevirapine hepatotoxicity after treatment switch no more likely at higher CD4 counts
• No lipid increase with Merck integrase inhibitor at 24 weeks
• No fat loss with tenofovir after five years