Parvoviruses are a small family of viruses which cause winter vomiting disease outbreaks of nausea, vomiting, giddiness and diarrhoea which affect whole families or communities like schools during the winter.

B19 parvovirus is a particular virus which can cause severe chronic anaemia (shortage of red blood cells) in people with damaged immune systems. It has also been linked to shortage of all blood cells (pancytopenia) in HIV-positive children.