TNFR:Fc is a synthetic molecule that binds to the cytokine tumour necrosis factor (TNF). TNF is a natural immune system chemical which is present at unusually high levels in people with HIV. It stimulates HIV replication and has been linked to wasting, so researchers are investigating whether treatments that reduce levels of TNF are beneficial. Other scientists are sceptical, arguing that the high levels of TNF may be doing more good than harm by helping to fight opportunistic infections.

An initial trial of TNFR:Fc in twelve HIV-positive people found that it was safe, but showed no evidence of any benefits. Further analysis is under way.

References

Walker RE et al. Safety and preliminary activity of a TNF receptor fusion protein in patients with advanced HIV-1 infection. 35th ICAAC, San Francisco, abstract I78, 1995.