This section covers:

• Transmission through needlestick injuries: This information is likely to be particularly relevant to health care workers and those who work in needle exchanges where the risk of needlestick injuries is highest.
• Transmission during surgical and dental procedures, organ transplants, skin grafts, and accidents in clinical, healthcare and laboratory situations, including blood splashes and re–use of needles (for exposure by blood transfusion see Blood transfusions and blood products later in this chapter).