HIV is not present in:

• Urine, faeces, vomit, sweat.

HIV is present in negligible quantities in:

• Saliva (only ever detected in very small quantities in the saliva of a very small number of people)
• Tears
• Blister fluid.

HIV is present in infectious quantities in:

• Blood and blood–derived products
• Semen and possibly pre–ejaculatory fluid
• Vaginal and cervical secretions or juices
• Rectal secretions
• Breast milk (this raises special issues which are discussed in Mother-to-baby transmission, below).

These are, for all intents and purposes, the key body fluids and materials to take precautions against.

In addition, HIV has also been detected in sufficient quantities in:

• Amniotic fluid
• Cerebrospinal fluid
• Tissue and organ donations
• Skin transplants
• Bone marrow transplants.

All of these are only a potential risk in invasive surgical procedures and may be covered by the same precautions and guidelines.