Mental health problems can affect anybody, but it seems that people with HIV may be more likely than the general population to experience them. The groups most affected by HIV in the UK (gay men, refugees, migrants and drug users) are also more likely to have mental health problems, because of the stresses associated with being marginalised from much of mainstream society. Experiencing HIV-related stigma can be stressful in itself.

Advanced HIV infection is known to cause serious mental health problems. As they are linked to having a very low CD4 count, these are now very rare due to the availability of effective treatment. More common are feelings of acute emotional distress that often accompany difficult life events and mental health problems such as depression and anxiety.

In addition, some anti-HIV drugs can cause psychological problems. If you have had mental health problems in the past, it is helpful to tell your HIV consultant this when you start discussing treatment options. That way, the most appropriate anti-HIV drugs for you can be prescribed.