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A new report suggests that the concentration of one human cytokine, interleukin 7 (IL-7), in the semen of HIV-1-infected men may be a key determinant of the efficiency of HIV-1 transmission to an uninfected female partner.
07 March 2013 | EurekAlert (press release)
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Having suggested in 2011 that the urethra is a novel entry site for HIV, a team from the Institut Cochin has now confirmed this hypothesis and identified the cells and mechanisms brought into play: the immune system cells macrophages, present in the epithelium of the urethra, allow the entry of HIV.
04 March 2013 | News-Medical.net
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An immune system protein normally found in semen appears to enhance the spread of HIV to tissue from the uterine cervix, according to researchers at the National Institutes of Health.
11 February 2013 | US National Institutes of Health
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SouthAfrican scientists have discovered how some people can make potent antibodies capable of neutralising strains of HIV, taking researchers a step closer to developing a vaccine.
23 October 2012 | Business Day
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Although one type of sugar in breast milk from HIV-positive mothers can boost likelihood of transmission, many other sugars protect against disease.
03 October 2012 | Nature
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A new study has found that even though HIV diversifies widely within infected individuals over time, the virus strains that ultimately are passed on through heterosexual transmission often resemble the strain of virus that originally infected the transmitting partner. Learning the characteristics of these preferentially transmitted HIV strains may help advance HIV prevention efforts, particularly with regard to an HIV vaccine, according to the scientists who conducted the study.
25 September 2012 | Eurekalert Inf Dis
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The viral load surge with syphilis “implies that syphilis may increase the risk of HIV transmission,” the researchers propose, “even in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy and with a viral load of less than 500 copies/mL.”
25 September 2012 | International AIDS Society
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Unlike the flattening or even declining rates of HIV infection among nearly all other communities, the epidemic among gay men globally is rapidly expanding. But according to new research, the reason for this fast expansion is biological, not behavioural, thus countering some of the core priorities of traditional AIDS funding.
10 September 2012 | IPS
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An international team of researchers has found that certain bioactive components found in human milk, called human milk ologosaccharides (HMOs) appear to help reduce the risk of HIV transmission from an HIV infected mother to her breast-fed infant. A study found that mothers whose milk contained high levels of HMOs were less liekly to transmit HIV to the babies. The HMOs appear to work by promoting growth of protective bacteria in the babies' diegestive systems.
16 August 2012 | EurekAlert
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Previous research has shown that bacterial vaginosis can increase a women's risk of becoming infected with HIV as much as sixty percent. Our study is the first to show that the risk of transmitting HIV is also elevated.
27 June 2012 | Eurekalert Inf Dis
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