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Sexual transmission
HIV exploits a human cytokine in semen to promote its own transmission

A new report suggests that the concentration of one human cytokine, interleukin 7 (IL-7), in the semen of HIV-1-infected men may be a key determinant of the efficiency of HIV-1 transmission to an uninfected female partner.

Published
07 March 2013
From
EurekAlert (press release)
How transmission occurs
Macrophages allow entry of HIV in the urethra

Having suggested in 2011 that the urethra is a novel entry site for HIV, a team from the Institut Cochin has now confirmed this hypothesis and identified the cells and mechanisms brought into play: the immune system cells macrophages, present in the epithelium of the urethra, allow the entry of HIV.

Published
04 March 2013
From
News-Medical.net
How transmission occurs
Immune system protein in semen boosts HIV spread in female genital tissue

An immune system protein normally found in semen appears to enhance the spread of HIV to tissue from the uterine cervix, according to researchers at the National Institutes of Health.

Published
11 February 2013
From
US National Institutes of Health
Epidemiology and behaviour
Extra-couple HIV transmission a major driver of Africa's HIV epidemic

New research suggests that heterosexual couples in long-term relationships who have sexual encounters outside their established partnership (extra-couple relationships) are one of the main drivers of the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa.

Published
05 February 2013
From
Medical Xpress
Infectiousness and treatment as prevention
"I'm on antivirals and undetectable: what about safe sex?"

In a wide–ranging interview that poses difficult questions, Bob Leahy asks Toronto-based clinician/scientist Dr. Rupert Kaul about how can we interpret risk of HIV transmission in the age of undetectable viral load.

Published
09 November 2012
From
Positive Lite
How transmission occurs
In heterosexuals, transmitted HIV strains often resemble original infecting virus

A new study has found that even though HIV diversifies widely within infected individuals over time, the virus strains that ultimately are passed on through heterosexual transmission often resemble the strain of virus that originally infected the transmitting partner. Learning the characteristics of these preferentially transmitted HIV strains may help advance HIV prevention efforts, particularly with regard to an HIV vaccine, according to the scientists who conducted the study.

Published
25 September 2012
From
Eurekalert Inf Dis
Sexual transmission
Viral load climbs and CD4s fall with syphilis in HIV+ Paris men

The viral load surge with syphilis “implies that syphilis may increase the risk of HIV transmission,” the researchers propose, “even in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy and with a viral load of less than 500 copies/mL.”

Published
25 September 2012
From
International AIDS Society
HIV prevention policy
Fresh Research on HIV Urges New Approach to Gay Men

Unlike the flattening or even declining rates of HIV infection among nearly all other communities, the epidemic among gay men globally is rapidly expanding. But according to new research, the reason for this fast expansion is biological, not behavioural, thus countering some of the core priorities of traditional AIDS funding.

Published
10 September 2012
From
IPS
Infectiousness and treatment as prevention
HPTN 052 Follow Up: No Increase in Unsafe Sex; Continued Viral Suppression

Follow-up data from HIV Prevention Trials Network Study 052 (HPTN 052) show that HIV-serodiscordant couples, in which the positive partner is receiving antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, are no more likely to abandon safer sex practices over time.

Published
24 July 2012
From
POZ
Behaviour change interventions
Push to add sex education to the national curriculum

Findings of a national survey in Australia lay bare the need for sex education to be included in the national curriculum.

Published
05 July 2012
From
The Age
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