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Search through all our worldwide HIV and AIDS news and features, using the topics below to filter your results by subjects including HIV treatment, transmission and prevention, and hepatitis and TB co-infections.

How transmission occurs news

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Sexual transmission
HIV exploits a human cytokine in semen to promote its own transmission

A new report suggests that the concentration of one human cytokine, interleukin 7 (IL-7), in the semen of HIV-1-infected men may be a key determinant of the efficiency of HIV-1 transmission to an uninfected female partner.

Published
07 March 2013
From
EurekAlert (press release)
How transmission occurs
Macrophages allow entry of HIV in the urethra

Having suggested in 2011 that the urethra is a novel entry site for HIV, a team from the Institut Cochin has now confirmed this hypothesis and identified the cells and mechanisms brought into play: the immune system cells macrophages, present in the epithelium of the urethra, allow the entry of HIV.

Published
04 March 2013
From
News-Medical.net
How transmission occurs
Immune system protein in semen boosts HIV spread in female genital tissue

An immune system protein normally found in semen appears to enhance the spread of HIV to tissue from the uterine cervix, according to researchers at the National Institutes of Health.

Published
11 February 2013
From
US National Institutes of Health
Vaccines
SA antibody breakthrough ‘brings HIV vaccine closer’

SouthAfrican scientists have discovered how some people can make potent antibodies capable of neutralising strains of HIV, taking researchers a step closer to developing a vaccine.

Published
23 October 2012
From
Business Day
Infant feeding
Breast-milk molecule raises risk of HIV transmission

Although one type of sugar in breast milk from HIV-positive mothers can boost likelihood of transmission, many other sugars protect against disease.

Published
03 October 2012
From
Nature
How transmission occurs
In heterosexuals, transmitted HIV strains often resemble original infecting virus

A new study has found that even though HIV diversifies widely within infected individuals over time, the virus strains that ultimately are passed on through heterosexual transmission often resemble the strain of virus that originally infected the transmitting partner. Learning the characteristics of these preferentially transmitted HIV strains may help advance HIV prevention efforts, particularly with regard to an HIV vaccine, according to the scientists who conducted the study.

Published
25 September 2012
From
Eurekalert Inf Dis
Sexual transmission
Viral load climbs and CD4s fall with syphilis in HIV+ Paris men

The viral load surge with syphilis “implies that syphilis may increase the risk of HIV transmission,” the researchers propose, “even in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy and with a viral load of less than 500 copies/mL.”

Published
25 September 2012
From
International AIDS Society
HIV prevention policy
Fresh Research on HIV Urges New Approach to Gay Men

Unlike the flattening or even declining rates of HIV infection among nearly all other communities, the epidemic among gay men globally is rapidly expanding. But according to new research, the reason for this fast expansion is biological, not behavioural, thus countering some of the core priorities of traditional AIDS funding.

Published
10 September 2012
From
IPS
Infant feeding
A compound in breast milk may help to protect infants from HIV transmission

An international team of researchers has found that certain bioactive components found in human milk, called human milk ologosaccharides (HMOs) appear to help reduce the risk of HIV transmission from an HIV infected mother to her breast-fed infant. A study found that mothers whose milk contained high levels of HMOs were less liekly to transmit HIV to the babies. The HMOs appear to work by promoting growth of protective bacteria in the babies' diegestive systems.

Published
16 August 2012
From
EurekAlert
How transmission occurs
Bacterial vaginosis is associated with higher risk of female-to-male transmission of HIV

Previous research has shown that bacterial vaginosis can increase a women's risk of becoming infected with HIV as much as sixty percent. Our study is the first to show that the risk of transmitting HIV is also elevated.

Published
27 June 2012
From
Eurekalert Inf Dis
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