Dermatitis

This is a common problem in HIV and normally occurs as a patchy red, flaky rash especially on the face and neck. It may be associated with generalised dryness of the skin and itching.

Fungal infections, seborrhoeic dermatitis or eczema.

As a general rule for dry skin and seborrhoeic dermatitis/eczema avoid using soap and biological washing powders, and instead use emollients (moisturisers) such as aqueous cream as soap substitutes. Alternatively add oils to the bath water and apply plenty of emollients/moisturisers to the skin after bathing. Anti-fungal creams alone or in combination with mild topical steroids may be helpful but strong steroid creams should be avoided unless used under the supervision of a doctor. Similar treatments are available for scalp involvement.

A type of HIV-associated dermatitis characterized by hard papules in the hair follicles and pink, scaly skin, called pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP), may be treated with antiretroviral therapy. Immune system restoration usually leads to relief of the condition.